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First steps
Unity Hub for simplified project management and installation of Unity3D versions
Creating a New 3D Project
Unity creates the structure for the new project and launches the editor.
Unity has created a default scene named “SampleScene.unity.” All scene files will have the .unity extension. Your project can contain multiple scenes that will be instantiated (called) as needed. On the left side of the editor, you can see that Unity has just created a default camera (Main Camera) and a default light (Directional Light). If you click on the camera (named Main Camera), it becomes selected in the 3D view, and all its properties appear in the right-hand panel.
All the items listed in the left-hand panel—the Hierarchy panel—are Game Objects (literally, game objects); this is the term used by Unity.
Almost everything that appears in your game comes from a Game Object:
- 3D models
- 2D sprites
- Cameras
- Lights
- UI (User Interface) controls such as buttons, labels…
- Sounds and music
Every Game Object has a “Transform” component. By “transform,” we mean transformation in 3D space—that is, the Game Object’s position, rotation, and scale.
If you haven’t already, select the “Move” tool from the toolbar in the upper-left corner.
Now, if you move the camera in the 3D view by clicking on the tip of one of the three arrows (hold down the left mouse button and move the mouse), you’ll see that the X, Y, and Z coordinates describing the camera’s position also change in the panel on the right (Inspector). You’ve changed the camera’s position in the scene.
The 3D coordinate system in the upper-right corner of the 3D view is color-coded as follows:
- The red arrow represents the X-axis (horizontal movement, from left to right)
- The green arrow represents the Y-axis (vertical movement, from top to bottom)
- The blue arrow represents the Z-axis (depth movement, from front to back)
- The 3D view and its coordinate system in the top-right corner (circled in red)
So far, you’ve been viewing your scene in the editor in perspective view (Persp), meaning neither a front view nor a side view, but somewhere in between.
Now, click on the Z component of the 3D coordinate system.
You are now in the front view (Front); click once more to switch to the left view (Left); click once more to switch to the back view (Back). In 3D view, you can change your viewing angle of the scene at any time.
When you do this, you’re not changing the camera’s position—it doesn’t move an inch—you’re just changing your own point of view. The camera is part of the scene; you’re simply looking at the scene from a different angle, but nothing in the scene moves.
